Pediatric Ocular Trauma

<p>In this episode, Sam Ashoo, MD, interviews Ami Shah, MD, MPH, and Don Walker, MD, about eye injuries in the pediatric population. </p><p> </p><p>Why ocular injuries? Why did you pick this topic?</p><p> </p><p>What kind of injuries are included and at what age are they most common?</p><p> </p><p>Injury zones and terminology</p><p> </p><p>Differential Diagnosis</p><ul><li>What should we keep in mind when we are confronted with an ocular injury? (Table 3)</li></ul><p>Prehospital Care</p><ul><li>What do our EMS colleagues need to keep in mind when transporting a child with an ocular injury?</li><li>How can they help us in the ED?</li></ul><p>ED Evaluation</p><ul><li>History: What's important to know?</li><li>Physical: Visual acuity and eye exam</li><li>Diagnostics: Slit lamp, ocular pressure, US, CT, MRI</li></ul><p>Treatment</p><ul><li>Lid lacerations: Who repairs and when?</li><li>Orbital fractures: What should we be looking for? Why is it different in children? When does repair typically occur?</li><li>Corneal abrasions</li><li>Corneal foreign body</li><li>Chemical injuries: Irrigate with what and for how long?</li><li>Traumatic hyphema: Treatment, disposition</li><li>Traumatic iritis: Treatment, outcome</li><li>Open globe injuries</li><li>Retrobulbar hematoma - <a href="https://first10em.com/lateral-canthotomy/" style="color:rgb(0,80,165);background-color:rgb(255,255,255);">First 10 EM</a></li></ul><p>Special Populations</p><ul><li>Hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease</li><li>Sickle cell and trait</li><li>Neonates and infants</li><li>Contact lenses</li></ul><p>Controversies and Cutting Edge</p><ul><li>Ketamine</li><li>Tetanus</li><li>NSAIDs, topical?</li><li>Topical anesthetics</li><li>Visual acuity apps</li></ul>