NT Characters: Mary & Martha

<p>For additional notes and resources check out Douglas’ <a href="https://www.douglasjacoby.com/mmmp3/">website</a>.</p><p><strong>Background</strong></p><ul><li><i>Martha</i> (Aramaic) means something like "the lady." It comes from the masculine form for master, <i>mar.</i></li><li><i>Miriam,</i> named after the sister of Moses, usually Mary in English, comes from the Hebrew for "bitter."</li><li>Catholic tradition equates Mary with Mary of Magdala (Mary Magdalene), while in Orthodox and Protestant traditions these are two separate persons. In John 12:1-7 and Luke 7:36-50, the anointing is of the feet, not the head, as in the older source Mark 14:3-9 (appearing also in Matthew 26:6-13 and Luke 7:36-51); one Bethany home belongs to Simon the Pharisee (and leper), the other to the home of Martha; and so scholars cannot easily confirm that the anointings represent separate events. This is not easy to decide.</li><li>The sisters may have been born into wealth. Notice the spare room for guests, the family vault, and the expensive perfume.</li><li>Martha is usually mentioned first, suggesting that she was the older of the sisters. Though it doesn't seem possible to prove this, her being the firstborn is more consistent with her display of personality in the gospel accounts.</li><li>They lived with their brother, Lazarus. (Is it more than coincidence that the figure in the Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus [Luke 16:19-31] is also named Lazarus?) No mention is made of children or aged parents, though of course the silence does not rule out their presence.</li></ul><p><strong>Martha & Martha</strong><br /> </p><ul><li>Luke 10:38-42, John 11:1-12:8</li><li>Mary sat at Jesus' feet, even as Saul of Tarsus sat at Gamaliel's feet (Acts 22:3). The purpose was presumably not only to <i>learn, </i>but also (in turn) to <i>teach</i>. This is revolutionary. See note ** below.</li><li>Contrasting characters<ul><li>higher-strung / lower-strung</li><li>more task-oriented / more relational</li><li>more controlling /more accepting</l