Cosmic Rays : Part 2 : Plasma Physics

<p><strong>The Field Guide to Particle Physics <br></strong><a href="https://pasayten.org/the-field-guide-to-particle-physics">https://pasayten.org/the-field-guide-to-particle-physics</a><br>©2021 The Pasayten Institute <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">cc by-sa-4.0</a><br>The definitive resource for all data in particle physics is the Particle Data Group: <a href="https://pdg.lbl.gov/">https://pdg.lbl.gov</a>.</p><p>The Pasayten Institute is on a mission to build and share physics knowledge, without barriers! <a href="http://pasayten.org/heysean">Get in touch</a>.</p><p>The Particle Data Group's write up on cosmic rays. See Figure 29.8 for a representation of the "ankle" feature in the spectrum.<br><a href="https://pdg.lbl.gov/2019/reviews/rpp2019-rev-cosmic-rays.pdf">https://pdg.lbl.gov/2019/reviews/rpp2019-rev-cosmic-rays.pdf</a></p><p>Another representation of the power laws can be found in Professor Peter Gorham's Coursework on Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays: <a href="http://www2.hawaii.edu/~gorham/UHECR.html">http://www2.hawaii.edu/~gorham/UHECR.html</a></p><p><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/natalie/">Natalie Wolchover</a> has written two great articles in Quanta on Cosmic Rays, both which talk about what might accelerate these particles.<br><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/ultrahigh-energy-cosmic-rays-traced-to-hotspot-20150514/">The Particle That Broke a Cosmic Speed Limit</a> and <a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/cosmic-map-of-ultrahigh-energy-particles-points-to-long-hidden-treasures-20210427/">Cosmic Map of Ultrahigh-Energy Particles Points to Long-Hidden Treasures</a></p><p><strong>Cosmic Rays<br>Part 2 - Plasma Physics</strong></p><p>What might you say is the most insightful law in theoretical physics? E = mc2? The general theory of relativity? The quantum nature of the atom? The debates could rage for days. Looking back on my own education, I’d isolate two really important ones.</p><p>The first is Newton’s FIRST LAW of motion:</p><p><em>A