Chapter1 3 1. Deep Learning: Exemplar Studies in Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision

Abstract Deep learning has become the most popular approach in machine learning in recent years. The reason lies in considerably high accuracies obtained by deep learning methods in many tasks especially with textual and visual data. In fact, natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision are the two research areas that deep learning has demonstrated its impact at utmost level. This chapter will firstly summarize the historical evolution of deep neural networks and their fundamental working principles. After briefly introducing the natural language processing and computer vision research areas, it will explain how exactly deep learning is used to solve the problems in these two areas. Several examples regarding the common tasks of these research areas and some discussion are also provided.